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Technical drawing tools are the tools used for technical drawing, including, and not limited to: pens, rulers, compasses, protractors, and drawing utilities. Drawing tools may be used for measurement and layout of drawings, or to improve the consistency and speed of creation of standard drawing elements. The tools used for manual technical drawing have been displaced in use by the advent of the personal computer and its common utilization as the main tool in computer-aided drawing, draughting and design, CADD. == History == The ancient Egyptians are known to have used wooden corner rulers. Ancient Nuragic people in Sardinia used compasses made in bronze, like the one exposed in the showcase 25 in the Nuragic sector of the Archeologic Museum G. A. Sanna in Sassari. In ancient Greece, evidence has been found of the use of styli and metal chisels, scale rulers and triangle rulers. Excavations in Pompeii have found a bronze tool kit used by the Romans, which contained triangle rulers, compasses and a ruler to use with a pen. Although a variety of stylus that were developed in ancient times and were still being used in the 18th century, quills were generally used as the main drawing tool. Styli were also used in the form of ivory or ebony pencils.〔 Protractors were used to measure and draw angles and arcs of a circle accurately since about the 13th century, although mathematics and science demanded more detailed drawing instruments. The adjustable corner ruler was developed in the 17th century, but a feasible screwtightened version not until the 1920s.〔 In the 17th century there was developed a stylus that could draw a line with a specific width called a ruling pen. The stylus had two curved metal pieces, which were joined by a screw. Ink was trickled between the blades, from which it flowed evenly across the paper. The basic model was maintained for a long time, with minor modifications, until the 1930s when the German technical drawing pens came to the market.〔 Artists (including Leonardo da Vinci and Albrecht Dürer, Nicholas Bion and George Adams) generally made drawing tools for themselves.〔 Industrial production of technical drawing instruments started in 1853, when Englishman William Stanley (1829–1909) founded a technical manufacturing company in London. Even then, however, most tools were still made by hand.〔 In the 1930s the equipment available expanded: there appeared a drawing apparatus and Rapidograph-drawing pen, improving the track quality and especially, producing consistent line width.〔 In addition to Rapidograf stylus, a more traditional Grafos-type stylus was used for a long time, where different line widths were achieved by changing the pen nib. For instance in Finland Grafos was commonly used as a primary drawing tool still in the early 1970s. Equipment changed radically during the 1990s, when computer-aided design almost completely ousted drawing by hand. Technical design has changed from drawing by hand to producing computer-aided design drawings, where drawings are no longer "drawn", but are built from a virtually-produced model. Drawings are not necessarily produced in hard copy at all, and if they are needed they are printed automatically by a computer program. Hand-drawn designs, however, are still widely used in the draft design stage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Technical drawing tool」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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